Toronto City Council has a climate action strategy, TransformTO, that establishes a community-wide net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions target by 2040. With existing buildings accounting for approximately 56% of Toronto’s emissions—primarily due to fossil fuel use for space and water heating—the City is prioritizing policies to address this significant source of emissions. The City’s TransformTO Net Zero Strategy and the Net Zero Existing Buildings Strategy have identified the implementation of Building Emissions Performance Standards (BEPS) as the most impactful action to drive the scale and depth of emissions reductions necessary to meet the net zero climate target. BEPS will establish a By-Law that sets GHG emission targets for buildings and will also establish further support programs for property owners navigating the transition. The framework will include: